Improvement in churns



R. E V A N S.

cnrmu,

.rarented March 28, 1876.

- ATTORNEYS,

N. PETER$, PHOTO-LITHOGRAFHER. WASHINGTON. D C.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

RUNNION EVANS, OF OSOEOLA, IOWA.

IMPROVEMENT IN CHURNS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 175,441, dated March 28, 1876; application filed October 9, 1875.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, RUNNION EVANS, of Osceola, in the county of Clarke and State of Iowa, have invented a new and valuable Improvement in Ohurns and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the construction and operationof the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making a part of this specification, and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon.

Figure l of the drawings is a representation of a side elevation of my churn, andFig. 2 is a central vertical sectional view thereof. Fig. 3 is a plan view of one of the dasher-plates.

This invention has relation to improvements in the manufacture of churns; and it consists in certain arrangements and novel construction of the various devices used, whereby very useful and desirable results are obtained, as will be hereinafter more fully explained and claimed.

In the annexed drawings, the letter A designates the cream tub or receptacle, which is, preferably, of cylindrical form, and may be made of wood or metal, as I may elect. This tub is provided upon its upper edge with sockets 0, adapted to receive the lower ends of the uprights b b, the upper ends of which are connected by a brace-rod, n. These uprights afford bearings for a crank-shaft, B, to which the dasher-rod O, carrying dashers D, is secured in the usual well-known manner. They also afford bearings above crank-shaft B for a second shaft, E, uponone end of which is keyed a gear-wheel, F, the teeth of which mesh with those of a pinion, c, on the end of the said crank-shaft. Consequently, when shaft E is caused to rotate, through the medium of a crankarm, G, a corresponding motion will be imparted, through gear-wheel F and pinion c, to crank-shaft D, which will be converted through crank 61 into a vertically vibratory and reciprocating motion for dasher-rod O. Uprights b b are detachable from the churntub, and the superstructure attached thereto being removed, the top H. of the said tub may be removed, and its interior exposed for the purpose of beiugcleansed with ease. The lid of this tub is made of two semicircular sections, 6, notched upon their edges, to receive bars 12 b, and provided upon their contiguous edges with a central notch, which will form a rectangular slot, 6', when the two sections are in position, allowing the dasher-rod to vibrate freely and without interruption. The upper surfaces of both sections are hollowed out, forming a cup, *5, of concave shape, which will receive the cream drawn up by dasher-rod I), and cause it to be redelivered to the tub A through slot 8. Dasher D, before incidentally alluded to, is composed of a number of spaced metallic plates, f, of conical form, which are secured upon the said rod with their points upward, and are provided upon their edges with serrations g, causing the said plates to present, when looked at from above, the appearance of a star. The under sides of these plates are hollowed out, and they consequently gather considerable air when raised above the surface of the cream, which, being forced under by the downward motion of the dasherrod, will permeate the cream and materially assist in the formation of butter. The points and sharp edges of the conical dasher-plates will also rapidlybreak up the butter-cells by piercing the cysts, and will thus greatly add to the efficiency of the apparatus.

What I claim, and desire to secure by [letters Patent, is-

In a churn, the dasher composed of spaced conical plates f, hollow upon their under sides, and serrated upon their edges, whereby air is forced into the cream and the butter-cells or cysts are broken up, substantially as specified.

In testimony that I claim the above I have hereunto subscribed my name in the presence of two witnesses.

RUNNION EVANS. Witnesses: v

T. B. STUART, J. N. BALLOU. 

